Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42441169›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of preventive medicine2026

Prevalence and Correlates of Impostor Syndrome and Self-Esteem among Medical Students.

Mubashir Zafar, Nada Mohammed Albeladi, Noor Munawer Alrashidi, Ahad Radhi Alrashidi, Shatha Ayyadhah Alanazi, Meshal Jameel Alharbi, Salem A Almijrad, Redwan Mohammed Mulla

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of preventive medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mubashir ZafarFamily and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Nada Mohammed AlbeladiMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Noor Munawer AlrashidiMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Ahad Radhi AlrashidiMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Shatha Ayyadhah AlanaziMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Meshal Jameel AlharbiMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Salem A AlmijradMedicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Redwan Mohammed MullaMedicine Department, Taiba University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Imposter syndrome (IS) and low self-esteem (SE) are prevalent challenges among medical students that can negatively influence their well-being and personal growth. This study sought to determine the prevalence of IS and SE, as well as the factors related to these issues, in medical students at a public sector university. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in a public sector university; total 350 participants were recruited through stratified random sampling; validated and structured questionnaires were used; logistic regression and correlation tests were used to determine the relationship between SE and IS; and Results: Lower family income, particularly the lowest category (0-10,000 Saudi Rial (SR)), was significantly associated with increased odds of IS (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.77, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.03-3.03, Conclusion: IS and low SE are prevalent among medical students, Lower family income and higher academic achievement were significantly associated with increased odds of IS. Medical schools should implement targeted support programs to address IS and boost SE, particularly for students from lower-income backgrounds and high achievers.

Indexed as

Academic achievementimposter phenomenonmedical studentself-esteemsocial factor

Identifiers

PMID42441169
PMCPMC13336524

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.