Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42441152›Full record

ArticleNational science review2026

Extending the theory of classical nonsolvent-induced phase separation to regulate membrane pores.

Chaoyang Jia, Chenkai Mu, Yiwen Chen, Hongjun Zhang, Willem Verfaillie, Scout Caspers, Ivo F J Vankelecom, Wenjing Lu, Xianfeng Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in National science review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Chaoyang JiaDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Chenkai MuDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Yiwen ChenState Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Hongjun ZhangState Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Willem VerfaillieMembrane Technology Group, Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
Scout CaspersMembrane Technology Group, Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
Ivo F J VankelecomMembrane Technology Group, Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
Wenjing LuDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Xianfeng LiDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonsolvent-induced phase separation, employed for over 60 years to prepare porous membranes, still has unclear pore formation mechanisms due to coupled variables. Classical theory links the distinct pore morphologies, i.e. macrovoids or cellular pores, to instantaneous and delayed phase separation, respectively. However, when the formations of macrovoids and cellular pores were decoupled in a tunable device that regulates the nonsolvent hydrodynamics, it was proven that hydrodynamic instability drives macrovoid formation, while cellular pores form via a nucleation-growth mechanism. By establishing a quantitative relationship between nonsolvent and area density of cellular pores, we achieved further optimization of the membrane morphology, enabling its application in vanadium flow batteries with significantly enhanced performance. This work extends the theory of phase separation and provides a causality-driven framework for precision membrane design.

Indexed as

hydrodynamicsmembrane structure regulationnonsolvent-induced phase separationnucleation-growth mechanism

Identifiers

PMID42441152
PMCPMC13335106

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.