ArticleFrontiers in surgery2026
Surgical management and functional outcomes of cranial infections requiring craniotomy or craniectomy: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Cranial infections requiring surgical intervention-whether surgical site infections (SSI) after craniotomy/craniectomy or spontaneous infections such as subdural empyema and intraparenchymal abscess-pose significant management challenges. We present our 10-year institutional experience treating these cases at a high-volume neurosurgical center. Methods: Retrospective review of patients ≥18 years old who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for non-catheter-related cranial infection between 2015 and 2025. Data on demographics, comorbidities, microbiology, surgical management, antibiotic use, revision surgeries, and functional outcomes (mRS at closest available follow-up to 12 months) were collected. Subgroup observations by infection etiology (SSI versus spontaneous) were examined. Results: Forty-three patients (27 men, 16 women; mean age 55.5 years) were included. Cultures were positive in 41/43 cases, most frequently isolating Conclusion: This institutional series highlights that infectious involvement of a devascularized bone flap often necessitates craniectomy and increases the revision surgery burden. Functional outcomes were driven primarily by pre-infection comorbidities and underlying aggressive pathology rather than infection etiology alone.
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