ArticleCellular and molecular neurobiology2026
Causal Relationship Between Circulating Leukocyte Characteristics and Immune Cell Traits With Multiple Sclerosis Risk: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomisation Study.
Article in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate MR-based evidence for potential causal relationships between circulating leukocytes, immune cell traits, and multiple sclerosis (MS) using a two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach. We analysed summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted by the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium, the Blood Cell Consortium, and Immune Cell traits. Using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted mode, weighted median, simple mode, and MR-Egger methods, we estimated genetically predicted associations. The MR-Egger intercept assessed horizontal pleiotropy, Cochran's Q test examined genetic heterogeneity, and leave-one-out procedures evaluated the sensitivity of the results. We adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (FDR). Forward MR analysis using IVW as the primary method revealed associations between increased white blood cell count (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.05-1.29, P = 0.004, P
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