ArticleEndocrine2026
Thyroid function and outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction: insights from a large, retrospective registry.
Article in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of thyroid function on the outcomes of patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF).
backgroundThyroid function is crucial for the optimal performance of the cardiovascular system. However, the prognostic impact of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in patients with heart failure (HF), specifically HFmrEF, remains unclear.
methodsFor the present study, patients hospitalized with HFmrEF and known thyroid function were included from 2016 to 2022. Patients were divided into four groups: euthyroid (reference group, n = 1186 [TSH 0.45-4.5 mU/L]), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 95 [TSH > 4.5 mU/L, fT4 7.5-23 pmol/L]), subclinical hyperthyroidism (n = 139 [TSH < 0.45 mU/L, fT4 7.5-23 pmol/L]), and low T3 syndrome (n = 148 [fT3 ≤ 3.3 pmol/L]). Patients with manifest hyper- and hypothyroidism were excluded related to the low sample size. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 30 months (median follow-up). Key secondary endpoint was HF-related rehospitalization at 30 months.
resultsFrom 1568 patients with HFmrEF, most patients presented with euthyroidism (75.6%), followed by low T3 syndrome (9.4%), subclinical hyperthyroidism (8.9%), and subclinical hypothyroidism (6.1%). The risk of all-cause mortality at 30 months was highest in patients with low T3 syndrome (51.4%), followed by subclinical hypothyroidism (38.9%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (36.7%), whereas euthyroid patients (26.6%) had the lowest risk of long-term all-cause mortality (p = 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analyses, subclinical hypothyroidism (hazard ratio [HR] 1.454, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001-2.113, p = 0.049), subclinical hyperthyroidism (HR 1.458, 95% CI 1.046-2.033, p = 0.026), and low T3 syndrome (HR 1.594, 95% CI 1.185-2.145, p = 0.002) were identified as independent predictors of all-cause mortality at 30 months compared to euthyroid patients. Patients with low T3 syndrome were even associated with impaired prognosis as compared to patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (HR 1.553, 95% CI 1.088-2.212; p = 0.015). However, thyroid status was not associated with the risk of HF-related rehospitalization at 30 months.
conclusionIn patients with HFmrEF, the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and low T3 syndrome were identified as predictors of all-cause mortality, but not of HF-related rehospitalization at 30 months.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.