Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42439921›Full record

ReviewSurgery today2026

Ocular metastasis from esophageal cancer: a systematic review and pooled analysis of individual-level case data.

Adam Mylonakis, Marisophie P Vasilakopoulou, Markos Despotidis, Aristeidis Sourgiadakis, Dimitra Stefanou, Petros C Petrou, Eirini Chatziralli, Dimitrios Schizas

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Surgery today, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Adam MylonakisFirst Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Str, Athens, 11527, Greece. adam.mylonakis@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-3259
Marisophie P VasilakopoulouDepartment of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Chalkida, Chalkida, Greece.
Markos DespotidisFirst Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Str, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Aristeidis SourgiadakisFirst Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Str, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Dimitra StefanouFirst Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Petros C PetrouFirst Department of Opthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "G. Gennimatas" Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Eirini ChatziralliSecond Department of Opthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios SchizasFirst Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Str, Athens, 11527, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOcular metastasis from esophageal cancer is a very rare clinical entity, typically only described in isolated case reports. This systematic review describes the clinical features, diagnostic strategies, treatment modalities, and outcomes of this uncommon manifestation.

methodsA systematic search of the literature in the PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases was conducted from database inception to January 25, 2026, focusing on adult ocular metastasis from esophageal cancer.

resultsForty-one cases were identified (mean age 58.7 ± 10.5 years; male-to-female ratio 5.8:1). The most common presenting symptom was blurred vision (46.3%), followed by eye pain (26.8%), diplopia and ptosis (each, 14.6%), and floaters (9.8%). Impaired visual acuity was documented in 85.3% of the cases reported. The choroid was the most frequently involved site (43.8%), followed by the iris (31.3%) and then the retina (12.5%). Ocular metastasis was synchronous in 63.4% of cases and was the presenting manifestation in 29.3%. Additional systemic metastases were present in 80.5% of cases. External beam radiotherapy was the most common local treatment (68.3%), achieving visual improvement in approximately two-thirds of treated patients. Median overall survival was 6 months.

conclusionsOcular metastasis from esophageal cancer is indicative of advanced systemic disease. Early recognition and prompt local therapy may preserve visual function and quality of life despite poor overall prognosis.

Indexed as

Choroidal NeoplasmsEye Neoplasms, SecondaryNeoplasm MetastasisRadiotherapy, External Beam.Visual Acuity

Identifiers

PMID42439921

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.