ReviewThe Analyst2026
Navigating the glycomics landscape with CE-MS: advances in sample preparation and analytical strategies.
Review in The Analyst, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most structurally diverse and biologically consequential co- and post-translational modifications, yet its analytical characterisation remains challenging due to extensive isomerism, microheterogeneity, branching structure and the presence of labile residues. Among the available analytical platforms, capillary electrophoresis (CE), particularly when coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS), offers exceptional separation efficiency at nanolitre sample loadings and can resolve glycan variants that remain obscured in conventional LC- or MALDI-based workflows. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances that have expanded the utility of CE and CE-MS in glycomics. We discuss practical considerations in enzymatic and chemical glycan release and highlight how the workflow format and clean-up influence recovery, quantitative precision and downstream compatibility. A major section is dedicated to the critical evaluation of major reducing-end derivatisation chemistries, including reductive amination, hydrazide and Michael-addition labelling, stable isotope, isobaric, and emerging instant-labelling strategies as well as permethylation, focusing on how labelling modulates electrophoretic mobility, isomer resolution, ionisation efficiency and MS/MS fragmentation. We outline current CE-MS methodologies, focusing on background electrolyte design, capillary coatings, sample injection modes, and the latest developments in sheath-flow, sheathless, nanoflow, and microfluidic interfaces. Performance benchmarks, including sensitivity, isomer resolution, robustness, and quantitative precision, are evaluated alongside recent innovations such as dopant enriched gases and integrated CE-MS cartridges. Finally, we assess the opportunities and remaining barriers for the broader adoption of CE-MS in biomedical, clinical, and biopharmaceutical glycomics. Continued advances in MS interface design, automation, and MS-compatible labelling chemistries are expected to further transform CE-MS into a routinely and widely deployable platform for high-resolution glycan characterisation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.