Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42439827›Full record

ReviewDiabetes2026

Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Islets and Emerging Experimental Platforms to Understand Diabetes.

Noyonika Mukherjee, Jeffrey R Millman

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Noyonika MukherjeeDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Jeffrey R MillmanDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.ORCID 0000-0003-0426-3492

Funding

Determining the mechanism of IFIH1 disease-associated variants on beta-cell and immune responses in Type 1 diabetesR01DK127497 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER · PI MATHEWS, CLAYTON E, MILLMAN, JEFFREY ROBERT · 2020 to 2023
$4.7M
STUDYING THE ROLE OF THE MICROENVIRONMENT ON DIFFERENTIATION AND MATURATION OF BETA CELLSR01DK114233 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Jeffrey Robert Millman · 2017 to 2026
$3.6M
Studying the mechanisms of initiation and progression of Beta cell death in T1DUG3DK142188 · NIDDK · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI CHRISTOPHER C. W. HUGHES, Jeffrey Robert Millman · 2025 to 2026
$2.4M
Uncovering the Interplay Among Pancreatic Tissue Types, Inflammation, and Genotypes in Type 1 DiabetesR01DK138469 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Jeffrey Robert Millman, HUBERT M TSE · 2024 to 2026
$811k
Anita Palmer Corbin TrustBreakthrough T1DEdward J. Mallinckrodt FoundationNIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114233NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK114233NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127497NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK127497NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK138469NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK138469NIDDK NIH HHS UG3 DK142188NIDDK NIH HHS UG3DK142188NIH HHS R01DK114233NIH HHS R01DK127497NIH HHS R01DK138469NIH HHS UG3DK142188Washington UniversityWashington University School of Medicine Center of Regenerative Medicine
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) impacts more than 9 million individuals globally. Despite a century since the isolation and clinical introduction of insulin, exogenous insulin injections remain the primary form of treatment for T1D. While continuous glucose monitoring systems and optimized insulin delivery reduce life-threatening hypoglycemic events, they do not provide a permanent cure. Transplantation of pancreatic islets offers a potential long-term solution. Recent advances in stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) have shown remarkable promise in both clinical and research settings. This article highlights recent clinical reports in the use of SC-islets to restore islet function and their versatility as a platform for disease modeling and drug screening while emphasizing current strategies aimed at overcoming their limitations and enhancing their therapeutic potential. We also discuss exciting emerging approaches that expand investigations beyond pancreatic endocrine cells to encompass nonendocrine cell types in the pancreas, offering a unique bird's-eye view into pancreatic biology and insights into cellular cross talk in health and disease. Our aim is for this article to serve as a resource for up-to-date advances in SC-islet research and to highlight novel platforms for studying diabetes pathogenesis in unprecedented ways, accelerating progress toward a permanent cure. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS: Stem cell-derived islets provide a renewable source of insulin-producing cells for studying diabetes and developing regenerative therapies. Stem cell-derived islets are still functionally immature in comparison with primary human islets, underscoring the need for deeper insights into β-cell biology to improve their fidelity. Nonetheless, they serve as a powerful platform for diabetes disease modeling. Emerging technological advances, including spatial multiomics and multicellular organoid development, are revealing key roles for non-β-cell and nonislet cell types in pancreatic diseases. Integrating these emerging tools is critical for broadening our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology and may enable us to view the disease from previously unexplored perspectives.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Islets of LangerhansIslets of Langerhans TransplantationStem CellsAnimalsHumansInsulinStem Cell TransplantationInsulin

Identifiers

PMID42439827
PMCPMC13493210

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.