Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42439820›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2026

Cytolethal distending toxin enhances

Santosh Paudel, Benjamin E Curtis, Siena Stefa, Harry L T Mobley, Melanie M Pearson, Mark T Anderson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Santosh PaudelDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5266-391X
Benjamin E CurtisUnit for Laboratory Animal Medicine Pathology Core, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Siena StefaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Harry L T MobleyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Melanie M PearsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4553-3276
Mark T AndersonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5097-3597

Funding

E. coli virulence gene expression during clinical UTIs in womenR01AI165582 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MARK T. ANDERSON, MELANIE M. PEARSON · 2022 to 2026
$3.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI165582NIH HHS R01AI165582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a virulence factor produced by several gram-negative bacteria, including

Indexed as

Bacterial ToxinsEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsUrinary Tract InfectionsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalEscherichia coli ProteinsFemaleKidneyMiceUrinary BladderUropathogenic Escherichia coliVirulence FactorsBacterial Toxinscytolethal distending toxinEscherichia coli ProteinsVirulence Factorscytolethal distending toxin (CDT)genotoxinurinary tract infection (UTI)uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC)

Identifiers

PMID42439820
PMCPMC13459982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.