Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42439663›Full record

Trial reportCells2026

Differential Impact of the Endometrial Immune Environment in Fresh Versus Frozen Embryo Transfer.

Nathalie Lédée, Nada J Habeichi, Mona Rahmati, Géraldine Dray, Nicole Kerkhoven, Eric Vicaut, Abdourahmane Diallo, Nino Guy Cassuto, Lea Ruoso, Laura Prat-Ellenberg and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nathalie LédéeCentre d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Hôpital des Bluets, 4 Rue Lasson, 75012 Paris, France.
Nada J HabeichiMatriceLab Innove Laboratory, Immeuble Les Gemeaux, 2 Rue Antoine Etex, 94000 Créteil, France.
Mona RahmatiLondon Women's Clinic, London W1G 6AP, UK.
Géraldine DrayCentre d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Hôpital des Bluets, 4 Rue Lasson, 75012 Paris, France.
Nicole KerkhovenMatriceLab Innove Laboratory, Immeuble Les Gemeaux, 2 Rue Antoine Etex, 94000 Créteil, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5488-7968
Eric VicautUnité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Fernand Widal, APHP, Université Paris-Diderot Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-6303-8557
Abdourahmane DialloUnité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Fernand Widal, APHP, Université Paris-Diderot Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-2310-4035
Nino Guy CassutoLaboratoire Drouot, 21 Rue Drouot, 75010 Paris, France.
Lea RuosoLaboratoire Drouot, 21 Rue Drouot, 75010 Paris, France.
Laura Prat-EllenbergCentre d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Hôpital des Bluets, 4 Rue Lasson, 75012 Paris, France.
Marie PetitbaratMatriceLab Innove Laboratory, Immeuble Les Gemeaux, 2 Rue Antoine Etex, 94000 Créteil, France.ORCID 0000-0002-0112-983X

Funding

French ministry of Health PHRC 13-0039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe endometrial immune environment regulates maternal immune tolerance and plays a key role in embryo implantation. We investigated whether its impact on reproductive outcomes differs between fresh and frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

methodsIn this prespecified secondary analysis of a prospective randomized study, 493 good-prognosis IVF patients underwent endometrial immune profiling before embryo transfer. Patients with a balanced profile received standard care, whereas those with immune dysregulation were randomized to conventional or immune-guided precision care. Live birth rates (LBRs) were analyzed according to immune status, transfer type, and treatment strategy.

resultsA transfer type-specific effect was observed. In FET cycles, a balanced immune profile was associated with higher LBR compared with immune dysregulation (52.4% vs. 14.7%; adjusted OR 5.32 [95% CI 1.53-20.92]; ARD +37.7%). Precision care improved LBR compared with conventional management (48.6% vs. 14.7%; OR 5.03 [1.66-17.63]; ARD +33.9%). No significant association between immune status and reproductive outcomes was observed in fresh transfers.

conclusionsThe impact of the uterine immune environment differed according to embryo transfer type and was predominantly observed in FET cycles. These findings suggest that endometrial immune competence may be particularly relevant to implantation success after frozen embryo transfer and warrants confirmation in larger prospective studies.

Indexed as

CryopreservationEmbryo TransferEndometriumAdultEmbryo ImplantationFemaleFertilization in VitroHumansPregnancyPregnancy Ratecytotoxicity at MFIendometrial immune profilingfrozen embryo transfer (FET)IVFlive birth rate (LBR)precision carespiral artery remodelingtolerogenic moleculestrophoblast invasionuterine immune environment

Identifiers

PMID42439663
PMCPMC13360064

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.