Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42439107›Full record

ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2026

"It didn't feel like anything unusual because we had already been through so much": Disability-related research experiences of families with children enrolled in the undiagnosed diseases network.

Kevin T Mintz, Elisa N Altamirano, Meghan C Halley, Krysta S Barton, Mildred K Cho, Jonathan A Bernstein, Jennefer N Carter, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Holly K Tabor

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kevin T MintzStanford Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; The Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Electronic address: kmintz@stanford.edu.
Elisa N AltamiranoThe Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Meghan C HalleyStanford Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; The Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Krysta S BartonThe Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Mildred K ChoStanford Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; The Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Jonathan A BernsteinStanford Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Jennefer N CarterCenter for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Holly K TaborThe Laurie J. Girand Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.

Funding

Stanford Center for Clinical & Translational Education and Research (Spectrum)UL1TR003142 · NCATS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI O'HARA, RUTH M · 2019 to 2023
$45.0M
Center for Undiagnosed Diseases at StanfordU01NS134358 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan Adam Bernstein, HOLLY K TABOR · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
The Stanford Training Program in ELSI ResearchT32HG008953 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Mildred K. Cho, Meghan Halley · 2016 to 2026
$3.1M
Surfacing values in the economic evaluation of genomic sequencing for diagnosis of children with rare diseasesK01HG011341 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HALLEY, MEGHAN · 2021 to 2025
$868k
Investigating Ethical Challenges in Emerging Precision Medicine Research with Disability Communities: The Case of Cerebral PalsyK01HG013968 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Kevin Todd Mintz · 2025 to 2026
$404k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR003142NHGRI NIH HHS K01 HG011341NHGRI NIH HHS K01 HG013968NHGRI NIH HHS T32 HG008953NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS134358
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn recent years, researchers have brought attention to the underrepresentation of people with disabilities in biomedical research, including genomics research. However, little is known about how disability-related experiences influence participation in rare disease research. This omission is striking because rare diseases are associated with disabling phenotypes that affect multiple body systems. As part of a study interrogating the relationship between rare disease status and disability identity, we conducted mixed-methods research to address this knowledge gap.

methodsParents of children enrolled in the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) (n = 25) completed semi-structured interviews to assess disability-related experiences in research participation. Directed content analysis was used to identify common themes.

resultsParticipants' disability-related research experiences were characterized by 1) disability-related facilitators to research participation, including benefits of research participation and disability-conscious approaches; 2) disability-related logistical barriers to research participation; and 3) research procedures and the perception of research as being minimally burdensome relative to clinical encounters.

conclusionParents of children in the UDN make considerable investments of time and resources to accommodate their children's disabilities and facilitate their participation. Future research should explore these issues in other genomics research studies and identify practical approaches to mitigating barriers to and employing facilitators of disability-related research participation.

Indexed as

Children with DisabilitiesPersons with DisabilitiesRare DiseasesUndiagnosed DiseasesAdolescentAdultBiomedical ResearchChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGenomicsHumansMaleParentsDisability inclusion in genomics researchEthical, legal and social implications of genetics and genomicsQualitative researchRare/undiagnosed diseasesUDN

Identifiers

PMID42439107
PMCPMC13367406

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.