ReviewCureus2026
Primary Vascular Dysregulation in Normal-Tension Glaucoma: Pathophysiology and Management.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive optic neuropathy occurring in the absence of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), implying that mechanisms beyond mechanical stress drive axonal loss. Primary vascular dysregulation (PVD), a constitutional impairment of vascular tone regulation independent of structural disease, is increasingly recognized as a central pathogenetic contributor to NTG. This review examines the evidence linking PVD to NTG, explores underlying mechanisms, and evaluates current and emerging management strategies targeting vascular dysregulation. A comprehensive narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from 1985 to March 2026. Search terms included: normal-tension glaucoma, primary vascular dysregulation, Flammer syndrome, ocular blood flow, endothelin-1, calcium channel blockers, optic nerve head ischemia, autoregulation, and neurovascular coupling. Studies including randomized controlled trials, prospective observational cohorts, case-control studies, systematic reviews, and seminal basic science investigations were selected for inclusion based on relevance and quality. PVD encompasses impaired autoregulation of optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion, elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with relative nitric oxide (NO) deficiency, defective neurovascular coupling, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, exaggerated nocturnal hypotension, and autonomic nervous system imbalance. Clinically, PVD-associated NTG is characterized by optic disc haemorrhages, focal notch-type cupping, central and paracentral visual field defects, and progressive loss despite controlled IOP. Pharmacological strategies targeting vascular dysregulation, including calcium channel blockers (CCBs), magnesium supplementation,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.