Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42437878›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Effect of Si-P biochar-based compound fertilizer on immobilization of heavy metals and wheat growth: a field study in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil.

Di Wu, Anqi Ren, Zijie Shang, Renqi Ding, Lei Gu, Zhifan Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Di WuCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China.
Anqi RenCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China.
Zijie ShangCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China.
Renqi DingCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China.
Lei GuCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China.
Zhifan ChenCollege of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Longzihu District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450046, China. chenzhf0604@vip.henu.edu.cn.

Funding

Henan Province Science and Technology Key Project, China 212102110110
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveHeavy metal contamination in calcareous fluvo-aquic soils poses a significant threat to agricultural safety and human health. While modified biochar shows promise for remediation, field studies on its mechanisms and ecological effects under such conditions are still lacking. This study aimed to synthesize a novel silicon-phosphorus biochar-based compound fertilizer (BCF) and evaluate its efficacy in immobilizing heavy metals, influencing soil microbial communities, and promoting wheat growth in a calcareous fluvo-aquic farmland soils contaminated with heavy metals.

methodsA Si-P biochar-based compound fertilizer (BCF) was synthesized from maize straw biomass, diatomite, triple superphosphate and urea at different pyrolysis temperatures (300℃, 450℃, 600℃) and mixture ratios (5:1:1:x (B5PN

resultsThe application of BCF significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil organic matter (SOM). It also markedly reduced the bioavailability of Cd, Zn, and Pb in soil, primarily due to the increased surface area, pore volume, and functional groups (e.g., N-H, PO₄

conclusionThe Si-P biochar-based compound fertilizer, especially the B5PN

Indexed as

CharcoalFertilizersMetals, HeavyPhosphorusSiliconSoil PollutantsTriticumSoilSoil MicrobiologybiocharCharcoalFertilizersMetals, HeavyPhosphorusSiliconSoilSoil PollutantsCalcareous soilHeavy metal immobilizationMicrobial communitySi-P biochar-based compound fertilizerWheat growth

Identifiers

PMID42437878
PMCPMC13560225

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.