Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42437376›Full record

SynthesisAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2026

Meta-Analysis: Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Comorbidities in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders.

Dmitrii Kulin, Gerald Holtmann, Thomas Fairlie, Kyle Staller, Samuel Nurko, Laurie Keefer, Douglas A Drossman, Michael P Jones, Qasim Aziz, Ayesha Shah

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Dmitrii KulinFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Gerald HoltmannFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Thomas FairlieFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Kyle StallerCentre for Neurointestinal Health, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-4290
Samuel NurkoCentre for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0936-4807
Laurie KeeferDivision of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-8593
Douglas A DrossmanDivision of Gastroenterology, University of N.C. and Drossman Gastroenterology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Michael P JonesSchool of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-4938
Qasim AzizWingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Ayesha ShahFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-1691

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council APP2004495NHMRC CRE in Transforming Gut Health APP2035319
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)/hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) report higher rates of chronic gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), and extraintestinal comorbidities.

aimsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of chronic GI symptoms and comorbid conditions in hEDS/HSD.

methodsElectronic databases were searched until December 2025 for studies reporting on chronic GI symptoms in hEDS/HSD patients. Pooled prevalence rates, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random effects model.

resultsThe final dataset of 19 studies included 17,455 hEDS/HSD patients and 1,677,465 controls. The odds of chronic GI symptoms were higher in patients with hEDS/HSD compared to controls (OR 4.29, 95% CI 3.1-6.0). 65.3% (95% CI 51.4-77.0) of hEDS/HSD patients reported at least one chronic GI symptom, with heartburn being the most common (34.7%, 95% CI 28.3-41.7). The prevalence of DGBI in hEDS/HSD patients was 44.2% (95% CI 23.9-66.6), with functional dysphagia the most common DGBI at 34.2% (95% CI 25.7-43.8). Gastroesophageal reflux disease was reported in 41.3% (95% CI 27.2-57.0). In hEDS/HSD patients, the most common extraintestinal comorbidity was chronic fatigue (49%, 95% CI 34.6-63.6), followed by migraine (38.2%, 95% CI 19.9-60.5), orthostatic intolerance (OI) (35.9%, 95% CI 26.6-46.4), fibromyalgia (27.9%, 95% CI 16.0-44.0) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) (21.9%, 95% CI 5.2-59.1).

conclusionsOverall, > 60% of hEDS/HSD patients report chronic GI symptoms. DGBI, co-morbidities, including POTS, were highly prevalent in hEDS/HSD patients. However, the quality of the evidence is low due to significant clinical heterogeneity observed in the analyses. While the associations may suggest a causal relationship, the results should be interpreted with caution.

Indexed as

Ehlers-Danlos SyndromeGastrointestinal DiseasesJoint InstabilityChronic DiseaseComorbidityHumansPrevalenceEhlers–Danlos syndromegastrointestinal symptomshypermobility spectrum disorderssystematic review and meta‐analysis

Identifiers

PMID42437376
PMCPMC13466160

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.