Peritoneal strumosis and the role of imaging in the diagnostic workup: A case report.

Jiyeon Lee, Jeanette Meraz, Dillon Sommer, Jasmine Zhao, Ryan O'Connell, Roozbeh Houshyar

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Article in Radiology case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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6 authors.

Jiyeon LeeSchool of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Jeanette MerazDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Dillon SommerDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Jasmine ZhaoDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Ryan O'ConnellDepartment of Pathology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Roozbeh HoushyarDepartment of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Peritoneal strumosis, also termed highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of ovarian origin (HDFCO), is a rare entity arising from struma ovarii, with extra-ovarian dissemination of thyroid tissue. Radiologic descriptions remain limited. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with a known diagnosis of struma ovarii, a monodermal teratoma mainly of benign thyroid tissue, who presented with multiple peritoneal lesions detected on imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed diffusion-restricting enhancing soft tissue implants throughout the abdomen and pelvis, while nuclear medicine imaging demonstrated no I-123 radiotracer uptake. Biopsy confirmed well-differentiated thyroid tissue. This case highlights the role of MRI and nuclear medicine in identifying peritoneal strumosis and emphasizes the need to include this rare entity in the differential when radiologists encounter unexplained peritoneal nodules. Radiologists should consider HDFCO in the differential when encountering peritoneal nodules in patients with prior struma ovarii.

Indexed as

OvaryPeritoneal strumosisStruma ovarii

Identifiers

PMID42437150

DOI10.1016/j.radcr.2026.06.053

PMCPMC13355669

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