Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42436549›Full record

ArticleJournal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care2026

Procalcitonin kinetics in critically ill patients: a retrospective analysis of the impact of renal dysfunction and renal replacement therapy.

Francesco Cipulli, Beatrice Cazzetta, Marco Casarotti, Sara Miori, Eleonora Balzani, Adriano Anesi, Silvia De Rosa, Giacomo Bellani

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Francesco CipulliAnesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.
Beatrice CazzettaAnesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.
Marco CasarottiDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili Di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, 25123, Italy.
Sara MioriAnesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.
Eleonora BalzaniCentre for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, Via S. Maria Maddalena 1, Trento, 38122, Italy. eleonora.balzani@unitn.it.
Adriano AnesiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.
Silvia De RosaAnesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.
Giacomo BellaniAnesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Santa Chiara Hospital, APSS, Largo Medaglie d'Oro 9, Trento, 38122, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite its widespread use, several aspects of procalcitonin (PCT) kinetics remain unclear for guiding antibiotic therapy, particularly its behavior in acute kidney injury (AKI) and during renal replacement therapy (RRT). This study aimed to describe PCT kinetics in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with AKI, including those undergoing RRT, compared with patients without AKI.

methodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective study including 396 ICU patients. At admission, PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count were compared across AKI stages. During ICU stay, any subsequent rise in PCT > 2 µg/L was defined as a PCT peak-episode. PCTpeak was the highest value before a sustained decline, PCTvalley the following lowest value, and PCTdecay the average daily reduction from peak to valley. Group comparisons were conducted using ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests, with Bonferroni correction as appropriate. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to account for repeated measures within patients.

resultsCRP and WBC did not differ among AKI stages, whereas PCT increased progressively (p = 0.004). PCTpeak correlated with AKI severity (p = 0.001), while PCTdecay decreased progressively (p < 0.001). Among stage 3 patients, RRT was performed in 12.3% of cases and did not significantly affect daily PCT levels compared to non-RRT patients.

conclusionAKI is associated with higher PCT peaks and reduced PCT decline, whereas RRT does not appear to significantly alter PCT kinetics.

Indexed as

Acute kidney injuryBiomarkersCritical careIntensive care unitProcalcitoninRenal replacement therapySepsisSeptic shock

Identifiers

PMID42436549
PMCPMC13640271

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.