ArticleItalian journal of pediatrics2026
Occurrence of diarrhea in pediatric bronchopneumonia patients: relevance to nursing management.
Article in Italian journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiarrhea represents a frequent complication in pediatric patients with bronchopneumonia. This study was designed to identify independent risk factors for diarrheal complications and to propose evidence-informed nursing interventions.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among 280 hospitalized children with bronchopneumonia. Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, and treatment-related data were extracted from electronic medical records. Multicollinearity was assessed by variance inflation factor (VIF), and independent risk factors were identified through binary logistic regression with model fit evaluated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.
resultsThe incidence of diarrhea was 23.57%. Eight independent risk factors were identified: antibiotic duration ≥ 7 days (OR = 3.006), β-lactamase inhibitor combination use (OR = 2.916), combined antibiotic use (OR = 2.401), mixed pulmonary infection (OR = 2.105), age < 5 years (OR = 2.048), weight-for-height/length z-score < - 2 (OR = 1.982), serum albumin < 35 g/L (OR = 1.896), and C-reactive protein ≥ 20 mg/L (OR = 1.845). Probiotic administration was an independent protective factor (OR = 0.849). All VIF values were < 5, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated adequate model fit (P > 0.05).
conclusionDiarrhea in children with bronchopneumonia is associated with multiple clinical and therapeutic variables, with β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and prolonged antibiotic therapy conferring the highest risk. These findings provide a hypothesis-generating foundation for risk-stratified nursing strategies to reduce diarrheal complications. However, given the retrospective design and the inability to distinguish antibiotic-associated diarrhea from infectious diarrhea, the identified associations should be interpreted cautiously, and any derived clinical recommendations require prospective validation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.