Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42436374›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2026

The first complete mitochondrial genome of Strigea falconis (Digenea: Strigeidae) reveals six tandemly repeated trnE-containing units and provides mt evidence for the non-monophyly of the family Strigeidae.

Ya Zhang, Ya Tu, Chaoqun Yao, Yi-Liu Liu, Yuan-Ping Deng, Ying Xun, Rong Li, Guo-Hua Liu, Yi-Tian Fu

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Article in BMC genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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9 authors.

Ya Zhang *Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
Ya Tu *Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, Beijing, 101300, China.
Chaoqun YaoOne Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts And Nevis.
Yi-Liu LiuResearch Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
Yuan-Ping DengCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Ying XunResearch Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
Rong LiResearch Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
Guo-Hua LiuResearch Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China. liuguohua5202008@163.com.
Yi-Tian FuResearch Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China. fyt1997118@163.com.

Funding

the Hunan Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund Project 2024JJ6548the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province 2025RC1053Yuelushan Laboratory Talent Program 2025RC2050
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPhylogenetic relationships among members in the order Diplostomida remain contentious, with mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear genomic data often yielding conflicting topologies. A major limitation is the availability of only a few mt genomes from the type genus Strigea, hindering a robust test of the monophyly of the family Strigeidae and the order Diplostomida.

resultsThe mt genome of S. falconis was completely sequenced for the first time, which was a circular molecule of 16,872 bp in length, encoding the typical set of 36 mt genes and six duplicate tRNA-Glu genes. Notably, there were seven identical and consecutive tandem repeat units each consist of a 169 bp non-coding region followed by a trnE gene in the newly assembled genome. Phylogenomic analyses based on concatenated predicted amino acid sequences of 12 proteins robustly placed S. falconis in the same clade as Apharyngostrigea pipientis. Crucially, the family Strigeidae was not recovered as monophyletic. Instead, two species within Strigeidae, Cardiocephaloides medioconiger and Cotylurus marcogliesei, clustered with representatives of Diplostomidae, providing mt evidence for the paraphyly of Strigeidae under the current sampling.

conclusionsThe newly sequenced mt genome of S. falconis reveals a previously unreported six-copy tandem repeat of trnE-containing units among currently available diplostomoid mt genomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on mt protein-coding genes provide additional mt evidence that the family Strigeidae was not recovered as monophyletic under the present taxon sampling. However, because mt genomes represent a single maternally inherited linkage group, broader taxon sampling, independent nuclear phylogenomic data, and explicit sensitivity analyses will be required to confirm these relationships and guide any formal systematic revision.

Indexed as

Genome, MitochondrialTandem Repeat SequencesAnimalsPhylogenyRNA, TransferSequence Analysis, DNARNA, TransferDiplostomidaMitochondrial genomePhylogenetic analysisStrigea falconisTandem repeats

Identifiers

PMID42436374
PMCPMC13576203

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