Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42436148›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Real-time estimation of pathogen transmission dynamics from wastewater.

Adrian Lison, Rachel E McLeod, Jana S Huisman, James D Munday, Christoph Ort, Timothy R Julian, Tanja Stadler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Adrian LisonETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland. adrian.lison@bsse.ethz.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-8437
Rachel E McLeodEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
Jana S HuismanPhysics of Living Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1782-8109
James D MundayETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-7134
Christoph OrtEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dubendorf, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9950-2286
Timothy R JulianEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dubendorf, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-0306
Tanja StadlerETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-535X

Funding

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation) CRSII5_205933 / 1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wastewater monitoring proved effective for tracking SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, estimating transmission parameters for other pathogens remains difficult due to lower concentrations in sewage, uncertain shedding kinetics, and limited clinical validation data. Here we present EpiSewer, a Bayesian semi-mechanistic wastewater model that jointly accounts for infection dynamics, pathogen shedding, and measurement noise, including outliers and non-detects. This enables direct inference of the effective reproduction number (R

Indexed as

COVID-19WastewaterWastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringBayes TheoremHumansInfluenza A virusRespiratory Syncytial VirusesSARS-CoV-2SewageSwitzerlandSewageWastewater

Identifiers

PMID42436148
PMCPMC13483917

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.