ArticleTranslational pediatrics2026
Characteristics and influencing factors of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cellular patterns in children with
Article in Translational pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study consecutively enrolled children with confirmed MPP (positive BALF MP-DNA) hospitalized at Tianjin Children's Hospital from November 2023 to April 2024. Diagnosis followed the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children (2023 Edition). BALF cytological examination were performed in accordance with the Consensus of Chinese Experts on Morphological Examination of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cells [2023]. Clinical and laboratory covariates were extracted from medical records. Spearman's rank correlation, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test and multivariable linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: (I) Among 238 children (mean age 7.79±2.76 years; 49.2% male), median BALF neutrophil proportion was 80.0% [interquartile range (IQR), 71.8%, 84.0%], lymphocyte proportion 3.0% (IQR, 2.0%, 5.0%), and macrophage proportion 13.5% (IQR, 11.0%, 19.0%). (II) Univariable analysis showed a positive correlation between BALF MP-DNA load and neutrophil proportion (rs =0.268, P<0.001). Multivariable linear regression confirmed that MP-DNA load remained independently associated with BALF neutrophil proportion [B=5.435; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.073-7.796; P<0.001]. The high MP-DNA load group (≥10 Conclusions: In children with MPP, BALF cellular patterns are characterized by neutrophil predominance, which independently associated with local MP-DNA load, but not with most common blood inflammatory markers. The findings indicate BALF cellular patterns provide complementary information for assessing pulmonary immune status and inflammatory phenotypes in pediatric MPP, while not establishing causality or therapeutic benefit.
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