Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42433721›Full record

SynthesisDepression and anxiety2026

A Systematic Review of Community Pharmacy-Led Depression Services: Service Components, Outcomes, and Implementation Barriers and Facilitators.

David Kernaghan, Hisham Alshammari, Gazala Akram, Judith Pratt, Margaret Maxwell, Margaret C Watson, Natalie Weir

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Depression and anxiety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

David KernaghanSchool of Health in Social Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 6 Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK, ed.ac.uk.
Hisham AlshammariStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
Gazala AkramStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-8091
Judith PrattStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
Margaret MaxwellUniversity of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK, stir.ac.uk.
Margaret C WatsonStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
Natalie WeirStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1422-9415

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Depression is the most common mental ill health condition, and its prevalence is increasing. Despite this, its treatment is variable often due to a lack of capacity within healthcare systems to support this vulnerable population. Community pharmacy staff could offer additional support. This systematic review identifies depression services led by community pharmacy staff, their service components, outcomes, and barriers/facilitators to their implementation. Methods: Four bibliographic databases were searched (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) from 2000 onwards. Title/abstract and full-text screening was conducted. Data on the service components were mapped to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). Clinical, humanistic, economic, and service outcomes were charted. Barriers and facilitators were mapped to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Quality assessment was performed using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies (QuADS) tool. Results: Fifty studies were included. Seventeen studies identified general attitudes regarding community pharmacy services for depression, which were generally supportive. The majority ( Conclusion: This international review identified a range of different services that community pharmacy staff can deliver to support people with depression, ranging from supporting diagnosis, health literacy, and management plans. The accessibility of community pharmacies for depression service delivery warrants further investigation. However, limited empirical evidence of clinical and economic outcomes and reported implementation barriers may complicate broader implementation.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesDepressionDepressive DisorderHumans

Identifiers

PMID42433721
PMCPMC13353189

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.