Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42432771›Full record

ArticleCritical care (London, England)2026

Frequency-domain band-pass filtering enhanced pulsation method for pulmonary embolism diagnosis and risk stratification: a two-center retrospective study.

Shaofei Xu, Jiazheng Li, Ziqi Li, Yuxuan Cai, Junlai Zhao, Rongrong Zhu, Maokun Li, Weiwei Wu

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Critical care (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shaofei Xu *Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China.
Jiazheng Li *Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China.
Ziqi Li *Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Yuxuan CaiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Junlai ZhaoDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China.
Rongrong ZhuDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China.
Maokun LiDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. maokunli@tsinghua.edu.cn.
Weiwei WuDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China. pumcweiwei@126.com.

Funding

Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project Z231100004623007Health Commission of Hunan Province 20257230Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality L246021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critical care, yet traditional diagnostic methods face limitations, especially in critically ill patients. This study introduces a novel frequency-domain band-pass filtering enhanced electrical impedance tomography (EIT) pulsation method for rapid, non-invasive PE diagnosis and risk stratification.

methodsIn a two-center retrospective study, 106 participants (53 PE patients, 53 healthy controls) were enrolled. A 16-electrode EIT system recorded pulmonary blood flow pulsation signals, and a heart rate-adaptive band-pass filter with its lower cutoff frequency set slightly below the estimated heart rate was applied to extract perfusion-related pulsatility while separating it from ventilation-related low-frequency components. Key parameters (Matching Index (MI), Dead space index (DI), Shunt Index (SI), Electrical Impedance VQ ratio(EIVQ)) were analyzed for PE diagnosis and risk stratification.

resultsCompared with healthy controls, PE patients had significantly lower MI (P < 0.001) and higher DI (P < 0.001) and SI (P = 0.005). For risk stratification, intermediate-high-risk PE patients showed lower MI and higher DI than lower-risk patients, with the strongest differences versus low-risk patients (both adjusted P < 0.001).Among the EIT-derived parameters, the combined MI + DI+SI model achieved the highest AUC (0.820, 95% CI: 0.741-0.899), although the improvement over MI alone was marginal; it outperformed DI and SI. EIVQ showed no significant discriminative value.

conclusionsThe enhanced EIT pulsatility method shows promise for non-invasive bedside assessment of PE-related perfusion abnormalities. MI, DI, and SI differentiated PE patients from healthy controls, while MI and DI were associated with risk stratification. These findings support the diagnostic and risk-stratification potential of EIT-derived pulsatility parameters and warrant further validation in consecutive patients with suspected PE.

Indexed as

Pulmonary EmbolismTomographyAgedElectric ImpedanceFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentROC CurveElectrical impedance tomographyEmbolus locationFrequency-domain band-pass filteringPulmonary embolismPulsatility methodRisk stratification

Identifiers

PMID42432771
PMCPMC13371360

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.