Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42432293›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2026

Anti-LAG-3 with or without anti-PD-1 in recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.

Michael Lim, Xiaobu Ye, Anna F Piotrowski, Arati Desai, Manmeet S Ahluwalia, Tobias Walbert, Glenn Lesser, Benjamin M Ellingson, David M Peereboom, Joy D Fisher and 19 more

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Michael LimDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. mklim@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-3076
Xiaobu YeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Anna F PiotrowskiDepartment of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Arati DesaiDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Manmeet S AhluwaliaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-9511
Tobias WalbertDepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-8106
Glenn LesserDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Benjamin M EllingsonDepartment of Radiology, Bioengineering, Psychiatry, and Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-6640
David M PeereboomDepartment of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Joy D FisherDepartment of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Serena DesideriDepartment of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Christina JacksonDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4210-7976
Ayush PantDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Aanchal JainDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Rohit VermaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Benjamin OberltonDepartment of Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Hadeesha PiyadasaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Chetan BettegowdaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9991-7123
Logan EngleDepartment of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-9060
Janis TaubeDepartment of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-4395
Sean C BendallDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-2453
John ChoiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jan DrappatzDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Frank S LiebermanDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Lawrence R KleinbergDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Drew M PardollDepartment of Oncology and Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-1013
Louis B NaborsDepartment of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Patrick Y WenDivision of Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0774-7700
Stuart A GrossmanDepartment of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Adult Brain Tumor Consortium (ABTC)UM1CA137443 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GROSSMAN, STUART A · 2014 to 2020
$9.7M
Targeting Lag-3 and PD -1 in Myeloid Cells of GBMR01NS121404 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Michael Lim · 2022 to 2026
$2.0M
Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation (BMSF) 3UM1CA137443-07S1NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA137443NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS121404U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS121404
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint implicated in T cell exhaustion and a potential therapeutic target in glioblastoma (GBM). We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase 1 study with sequential allocation to evaluate the safety and preliminary activity of the anti-LAG-3 antibody relatlimab, administered alone or with the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody nivolumab, in patients with recurrent GBM. Forty-six patients were treated (23 per cohort). The primary endpoint of safety was met, with maximum tolerated doses of 800 mg relatlimab for monotherapy and 160 mg relatlimab/240 mg nivolumab for combination therapy. Treatment-related grade 3-4 adverse events occurred in 6 of 23 patients receiving combination therapy and were not observed with monotherapy. Neoadjuvant administration was associated with increased intratumoral CD8

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntigens, CDAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBrain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorAdultAgedCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleHumansLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 ProteinMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntigens, CDLag3 protein, humanLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 ProteinNivolumabPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptor

Identifiers

PMID42432293
PMCPMC13375532

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.