ArticlePloS one2026
Phytochemical and biological evaluation of methanolic extracts as a preventive measure for antioxidant and Anticoccidial Eimeria columbae Oocysts.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHerbal products are rich in the source of bioactive ingredients, including phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oil components such as cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and 1,8-cineole, and have significant potential for therapeutic applications that are associated with antioxidant and anticoccidial activities.
aimsThis study aimed to investigate the phytochemical quantification and antioxidant anticoccidial assay in methanolic extracts of Cinnamomum verum and Laurus nobilis.
methodsTotal phenol, flavonoid, and tannin content was measured using standard spectrophotometric methods. Phytochemical properties were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Antioxidant activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. In vitro anticoccidial activity was assessed using seven concentrations: 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/mL of C. verum and L. nobilis, in addition to K₂Cr₂O₇ as the control at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.
resultsFTIR analysis revealed characteristic absorption bands in the C. verum and L. nobilis extracts, indicating the presence of diverse functional groups associated with phenolic and related phytochemical constituents, as evidenced by their characteristic absorption bands across the 400-4000 cm ⁻ ¹ range. All extracts contained measurable levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The highest total phenolic content was recorded in C. verum (63.56 ± 0.552 mg/g dry weight) and L. nobilis (57.40 ± 6.05 mg/g dry weight). All extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values for DPPH (12.59 ± 0.51 and 30.32 ± 3.22 μg/mL) and ABTS (13.95 ± 0.35, 19.56 ± 4.89 μg/mL) assays to C. verum and L. nobilis. The extracts exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of E. columbae sporulated oocysts, at 200 mg/ml, 75.67% at C. verum and 72.57% at L. nobilis (p < 0.05) at higher concentrations at 96 h, alongside increased oocyst destruction of ~12%.
conclusionThe findings demonstrated that the extracts of C. verum and L. nobilis leaves contain bioactive phytochemicals that inhibit coccidia oocysts in vitro, suggesting a potentially effective and safe natural option for managing coccidiosis in Domestic Pigeons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.