ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2026
Dynamic effects of radioactive iodine therapy on gut microbiota and metabolites in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.
Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The dynamic characteristics of gut microbiome and metabolome during radiopharmaceutical therapy and their correlation with treatment response have not been well clarified. Herein, we conducted a prospective longitudinal study on papillary thyroid carcinoma patients receiving initial radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment. Three fecal samples from each patient were sequentially collected at the day before (Day0), 3 days upon (Day3), and 30 days upon (Day30) receiving RAI (totally 75 samples) for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and metabolome profiling. The results revealed transient fluctuations of gut microbiota and metabolites during RAI treatment, as shown by probiotic IMPORTANCE: This study provides the first longitudinal profiling demonstrating that radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy induces transient yet dynamic fluctuations in both the gut microbiome and metabolome. Key beneficial bacteria and anti-inflammatory metabolites were significantly reduced immediately after treatment, followed by a recovery trend. Moreover, patients with different treatment responses showed diverse microbial and metabolic profiles. These findings highlight the potential for probiotic based interventions to maintain gut ecological homeostasis and suggest novel non invasive microbial biomarkers for predicting RAI efficacy.This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as ChiCTR2100053810.
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