Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42430130›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Copolymerized Plasticizer Enables Halogen-Free Processing Toward 20.78% and 17.83% Efficient Organic Solar Cells and Modules.

Jiachen Zhang, Hongxiang Li, Junyuan Ding, Jia Li, Hanyue Yang, Yingyi Wang, Juan Zhu, Weijie Chen, Shengao Yang, Hao Xu and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jiachen ZhangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hongxiang LiCollege of Materials and Energy, Guang'an Institute of Technology, Guang'an, China.
Junyuan DingLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Jia LiLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hanyue YangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Yingyi WangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Juan ZhuLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Weijie ChenLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-1702
Shengao YangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hao XuLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Shengyu LiLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Chunfeng ZhangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Haiyang ChenLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-0631
Yaowen LiLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-582X

Funding

Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province BE2022023Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 2025YFHH0021National Natural Science Foundation of China 22575165National Natural Science Foundation of China 52273188National Natural Science Foundation of China 52325307Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2024NSFSC1034Suzhou Key Core Technologies Project SYG2024146
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonhalogenated solvents are promising for scalable fabrication of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the intrinsically low solubility of high-molecular-weight donor polymers in nonhalogenated solvents, particularly those with tightly packed, highly crystalline backbones such as the pinnacle of donor materials (D18), disrupts multiscale morphology evolution and severely limits device performance. Here, without compromising the polymer's molecular weight or its intrinsic propensity for ordered packing, we establish a copolymerized "plasticizer" strategy that enhances the solvation interaction between a nonhalogenated solvent (toluene) and an appended plasticizing comonomer, thereby improving the processability. By integrating a plasticizing unit (bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl) thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-3,6-dicarboxylate) into the D18 backbone, the resulting D18-O exhibits markedly enhanced solubility through dipolar interactions with toluene. These interactions suppress excessive pre-aggregation, slow down crystallization kinetics of the donor, and ultimately guide the formation of well-defined nanocrystals and a hierarchy of optimized morphologies during nonhalogenated processing. This approach enables both OSCs and modules processed from toluene to achieve record power conversion efficiencies of 20.78% (certified 20.40%) and 17.83% (certified 17.29%), respectively, along with exceptional stability.

Indexed as

large‐area modulesnonhalogenated solvent processingorganic solar cellsrandom copolymerization

Identifiers

PMID42430130
PMCPMC13486204

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.