ArticleJournal of virology2026
A neuraminidase-targeted nanobody confers broad protection against influenza B virus.
Article in Journal of virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Influenza B virus (IBV) exhibits antigenic diversity and significantly contributes to the annual burden of influenza-related disease, posing substantial impacts on global public health and the economy. In this study, we focused on the neuraminidase (NA) of IBV, immunized an alpaca with tetrameric IBV NA, and identified a series of nanobodies with a common feature of the "DYR" motif in CDR3, exhibiting broad inhibitory activity against diverse NAs of IBV. Among these, the most potent VHH5 broadly inhibits NA from multiple representative strains across ancestral, B/Yamagata/16/88-like, and B/Victoria/2/87-like lineages. Moreover, fusing VHH5 to a human immunoglobulin G1 Fc domain significantly increased its antiviral potency IMPORTANCE: Although influenza B viruses (IBVs) account for a substantial proportion of seasonal influenza virus infections, they have received comparatively less research attention. The small size and flexible binding modes of nanobodies enable them to access cryptic or recessed epitopes, supporting their development as potent clinical therapeutics. Here, we report the identification of VHH5, a nanobody targeting conserved residues within the neuraminidase active site of the influenza B virus, conferring broad inhibitory activity. Moreover, Fc-fused VHH5 enhanced antiviral potency
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