ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026
Evaluation of Haemato-Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Different Dairy Breeds During the Dry and Wet Seasons in Central Ethiopia.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHaemato-biochemical values are vital for assessing an animal's normal physiological condition. However, few studies have been conducted on various dairy cow breeds across different seasons in Ethiopia.
objectiveTo evaluate the haemato-biochemical and physiological parameters in different breeds of dairy cows during the dry and wet seasons in central Ethiopia.
methodsA total of 90 dairy cows of different breeds and lactation stages were included in this study. Blood samples (∼10-15 mL) were collected aseptically from the jugular vein into EDTA tubes for haemato-biochemical analysis, while plasma and serum were separated by collecting blood in heparin and non-anticoagulant vials, respectively. Data on various parameters were statistically analysed using a two-way analysis of variance.
resultsThe findings indicated that the Borana breed had lower average values for physiological parameters such as rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate than cross-breeds and Jersey breeds. The dry season showed higher averages for all physiological indicators than the wet season. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in physiological parameters were observed between seasons within the same lactation stages across three breeds under similar management practices. Levels of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured. Compared to the dry season, most haematological parameters were significantly lower during the wet season, except for MCV. During both seasons, cross-breeds and Jersey breeds exhibited higher levels of PCV, MCV, MCH and WBC than the Borana breed. PCV, MCV, MCH and RBC levels declined from early to late lactation in all breeds during both dry and wet seasons. Conversely, Hgb, MCHC and WBC levels increased from early to late lactation. The mean values for creatinine, urea and globulin were notably higher in the dry season than in the wet season. In contrast, total protein, glucose, cholesterol and albumin levels were significantly lower during the dry season. In addition, glucose and cholesterol levels increased from early to late lactation in all breeds under both conditions, while total protein, creatinine, urea and globulin levels decreased during this period.
conclusionFinally, the mean values of all haemato-biochemical and physiological parameters fell within the reference ranges for healthy dairy cows, suggesting that these three breeds are well adapted to the climatic conditions of central Ethiopia.
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