Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42428599›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork2026

The Effect of Massage Therapy on Anxiety Levels Experienced by Traditional-Aged Undergraduate Business Students.

Jorge A Pazmiño, Portia B Resnick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jorge A PazmiñoW. Fielding Rubel School of Business, Bellarmine University, Louisville, KY, USA.
Portia B ResnickDepartment of Kinesiology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Anxiety is a prevalent concern among college students, impairing academic performance and increasing attrition risk for universities. Effective interventions are needed to reduce overall and test anxiety during high-stakes assessments. Purpose: This study explored the effect of massage therapy (MT) in reducing overall and test anxiety in traditional-aged undergraduate business students compared to a comparison group engaged in a relaxation activity (adult coloring). Setting: A private liberal arts university in the southeastern United States. Participants: Undergraduate business students (aged 18-23 years) enrolled in accounting, business administration, finance, economics, or marketing. Research Design: Quantitative, quasi-experimental, repeated-measures design with both within-subjects (pre-post) and between-subjects (MT vs. adult coloring) evaluations. Intervention: The experimental group received a 30-min MT session administered by a licensed massage therapist 2 h prior to a final exam. The comparison group engaged in a 30-min adult coloring activity. Main Outcome Measure: Anxiety levels were assessed pre- and post-intervention with the Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale-College Version (AMAS-C). Results: MT significantly reduced overall anxiety (mean (M) = 58.79 to 51.68, Conclusion: A 30-min MT intervention effectively reduced overall and test anxiety among traditional-aged undergraduate business students when administered within a 2-h window prior to a final exam. MT demonstrates promise as a non-pharmacological strategy to support students during high-stakes academic assessments.

Indexed as

college studentshigher educationmassage therapyOverall anxietytest anxiety

Identifiers

PMID42428599
PMCPMC13347771

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.