ArticleClinical hematology international2026
Natural killer cells from patients relapsing on daratumumab therapy express an exhausted-associated phenotype.
Article in Clinical hematology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody daratumumab can induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) via CD16 expressed by natural killer (NK) cells. Prior studies have shown that the number of NK cells decreased after initiation of daratumumab treatment. We used flow cytometry to evaluate the expression of immune checkpoint receptors on NK cells from patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) compared to myeloma patients progressing during treatment with daratumumab (DRMM). In accordance with prior studies, we found that the percentage of NK cells was significantly lower in the DRMM group compared to the NDMM group. In addition, the percentage of the cytotoxic CD56dim NK cell subset was lower in the DRMM group, and a lower portion of these NK cells expressed CD16, the receptor mediating ADCC. There was no difference in the expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1, but the NK cells from DRMM patients expressed an exhausted-associated phenotype with a lower expression of the stimulatory receptor DNAM-1 and a higher expression of the inhibitory receptor TIGIT. Dysfunctional NK cells have been observed in other patients progressing on daratumumab. Our data show that patients progressing on DARA-containing regimens display NK cells with an inhibitory-skewed phenotype. Whether this reflects a driver, biomarker, or consequence of resistance requires further functional and longitudinal investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.