Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42427788›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Collapsing retroviruses for efficient delivery of viro-toxic cargoes.

Christopher D Mullally, Bojana Stefanovska, Yanjun Chen, Harshita B Gupta, Michael A Carpenter, Reuben S Harris

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Christopher D MullallyUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Bojana StefanovskaUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Yanjun ChenUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Harshita B GuptaUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Michael A CarpenterUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Reuben S HarrisUniversity of Texas San Antonio Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9034-9112

Funding

Targeting Polθ to Overcome PARP Inhibitor Resistance in Homologous Recombination Deficient Breast CancerP50CA247749 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI Sarat Chandarlapaty, Simon N. Powell · 2020 to 2026
$16.3M
PROJECT 3 – BIOLOGY OF DNA DEAMINASES IN CANCERP01CA234228 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Reuben S Harris · 2019 to 2026
$14.5M
APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV RestrictionR37AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2015 to 2024
$4.2M
South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program (STX-MSTP)T32GM145432 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Jose E Cavazos, Ratna K Vadlamudi · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
South Texas Medical Scientist Training Program (STX-MSTP)T32GM113896 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI CAVAZOS, JOSE E · 2018 to 2022
$1.1M
Epigenetics, DNA repair and Genomics (EDGe) Training Program in CancerT32CA279363 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Robin Jean Leach, Anna L Malkova · 2024 to 2026
$493k
Regulatory Mechanisms of APOBEC3B Mutagenic Activity in CancerF30CA301788 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Christopher Mullally · 2026 to 2026
$40k
NCI NIH HHS F30 CA301788NCI NIH HHS P01 CA234228NCI NIH HHS P50 CA247749NCI NIH HHS T32 CA279363NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI064046NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM113896NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145432
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retroviruses are excellent tools for delivering and expressing transgenic cargoes with broad utility in research and therapy. However, many cargoes including virus restriction factors can dramatically limit virus production and/or infectivity. An extreme viro-toxic cargo is the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B, which potently restricts retrovirus infectivity by a direct cDNA deamination-dependent mechanism. To overcome viro-toxicity, an APOBEC3B minigene cargo is disrupted by a translation stop cassette flanked by a direct repeat of its own sequence. The integrity of the minigene is reconstituted naturally by retroviral recombination during transduction. Efficiency can be improved from 90% to nearly 100% by coupling the minigene to the translation of a downstream selectable marker. Collapsing retrovirus (CRV) technology enables the functional delivery of APOBEC3B to a target cell population and may have broad utility for delivering viro-toxic cargoes.

Indexed as

APOBEC3B (A3B)cancer biologycollapsing retrovirus (CRV)gene therapygenome engineeringinnate immunitylethal mutagenesismolecular biologyretrovirologyretrovirus restriction factorretrovirus transduction

Identifiers

PMID42427788
PMCPMC13345315

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.