ArticleFrontiers in molecular biosciences2026
Pulmonary exacerbations in patients with genetically confirmed PCD: a prospective observational multicentre study.
Article in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pulmonary exacerbations in primary ciliary dyskinesia.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Pulmonary Exacerbations and Treatment in PCD: A Narrative Review.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by deficient mucociliary clearance and development of chronic lung disease. Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in chronic lung diseases increase morbidity and lung function decline, but their frequency in PCD has been understudied. We aimed to prospectively determine the annual frequency of PEx in PCD and identify related risk factors. Methods: In a multicentre, observational study conducted in 11 centres from seven countries, we prospectively collected data from a well-described patient cohort with genetically confirmed PCD over a year via monthly telephone questionnaires and clinical visits. We assessed the annual PEx frequency using three definitions: i) clinical definition 1 ( Results: We recruited 271 individuals with PCD of all ages. Among patients with complete annual records (n = 248), approximately 80% experienced at least one PEx per year, as assessed by the three definitions used. Self-reported PEx per year (median 2, interquartile range (IQR) 1-5) were higher (p < 0.0001) than the PEx assessed by Def-1 (median 2, IQR 0-4) and Def-2 (median 1, IQR 0.25-3). Self-reported PEx had a substantial agreement with Def-1 [kappa (SE) = 0.61 (0.05)] and a moderate agreement with Def-2 [kappa (SE) = 0.51 (0.05)]. Female sex and autumn season were associated with higher number of PEx, independent of the definition used. Increasing age was correlated with higher annual PEx frequency by Def-1. Conclusion: In this multicentre study, we prospectively assessed the annual PEx frequency in patients genetically diagnosed with PCD, demonstrating the importance of the definition used in capturing the exacerbation burden of PCD, as well as the influence of sex, age and season on exacerbation frequency.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.