Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42427218›Full record

ArticleChembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology2026

Thioredoxin Reductase as a Target for Antibacterial Gold Compounds in Burkholderia cenocepacia: Disclosing the Molecular Basis of Enzyme Inhibition.

Stefano Zineddu, José Aleixo de Azevedo-França, Martina Aguanno, Valentina Pecchioli, Giarita Ferraro, Virginia Cuomo, Antonello Merlino, Luigi Messori

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Stefano ZinedduLaboratorio Metalli in Medicina, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" - DICUS, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
José Aleixo de Azevedo-FrançaLaboratorio Metalli in Medicina, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" - DICUS, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-9215
Martina AguannoLaboratorio Metalli in Medicina, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" - DICUS, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
Valentina PecchioliLaboratorio Metalli in Medicina, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" - DICUS, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
Giarita FerraroDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Napoli, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-2429
Virginia CuomoDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Napoli, Italy.
Antonello MerlinoDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Napoli, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-7720
Luigi MessoriLaboratorio Metalli in Medicina, Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" - DICUS, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9490-8014

Funding

MIUR PRIN 2022 2022JMFC3X
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thioredoxin reductase from Burkholderia cenocepacia (Bc-TrxR) is a recognized intracellular target of antibacterial gold(I) compounds, yet the molecular basis of enzyme inhibition remains unclear. Here, we report an integrated structural, biophysical, and biochemical investigation of recombinant Bc-TrxR and its interaction with three prototypical gold(I) agents: auranofin (AF) and two trimethylphosphine-thiolate derivatives (Au1 and Au2), previously identified as potent enzyme inhibitors. The enzyme was expressed, purified, and its crystal structure solved at 2.52 Å resolution, revealing a homodimeric architecture closely resembling that of the Escherichia coli enzyme. Each subunit contains FAD- and NADPH-binding domains and a catalytic Cys-Cys motif representing a plausible coordination site for gold fragments. High-resolution ESI-MS provided direct molecular evidence for the formation of defined gold-protein adducts, with up to two Au(I) centres bound per subunit. The observed mass shifts are consistent with selective coordination of gold fragments to catalytically relevant cysteine residues, effectively blocking redox turnover. Together, crystallographic and mass spectrometric results disclose the molecular mechanism of Bc-TrxR inhibition by phosphine-thiolate gold(I) complexes and establish a structural framework for the rational design of next-generation antibacterial metallodrugs.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBurkholderia cenocepaciaEnzyme InhibitorsGold CompoundsThioredoxin-Disulfide ReductaseCrystallography, X-RayModels, MolecularAnti-Bacterial AgentsEnzyme InhibitorsGold CompoundsThioredoxin-Disulfide Reductaseantibacterial activitygold(I) compoundsmass spectrometrymetallodrugsthioredoxin reductase

Identifiers

PMID42427218
PMCPMC13351807

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.