Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42427103›Full record

ArticleJournal of adolescence2026

Adolescent Reports of Demanding and Responsive Features in Helicopter and Overprotective Parenting: Divergence of Correlations With Indicators of Adjustment.

Melanie J Zimmer-Gembeck, Katherine M Ryan, Bart Soenens, Grégoire Zimmermann, Stijn Van Petegem

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of adolescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Melanie J Zimmer-GembeckSchool of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-010X
Katherine M RyanSchool of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9681
Bart SoenensDepartment of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-3656
Grégoire ZimmermannFamily and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4460-520X
Stijn Van PetegemUniversite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9956-0363

Funding

Australian Research Council DP220101087European Research Council 950289
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionResearch collecting data from parents has found that helicopter parenting (HP) and overprotective parenting (OP) of their adolescents can be reformed to identify two features: demanding and responsive overparenting (Ryan et al. 2024). The correlations of these features with other measures were also found to differ, with demanding overparenting uniquely correlated with parent reports of less positive parenting and poorer youth adjustment and with responsive overparenting correlated with more parent-reported positive parenting. We aimed to determine if these features are also found when parenting is reported by youth and to validate the features by correlating them with youth experiences of positive parenting and youth self-reports of their adjustment.

methodsAustralian adolescents aged 16-19 years (N = 512; 34% boys, 64% girls, 2% nonbinary) completed surveys to report HP, OP, received parental support, psychological distress, decision-making, and coping efficacy. Data were analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis and partial correlations.

resultsDemanding and responsive features of overparenting were confirmed. When controlling for shared variance between the features, demanding overparenting was associated with less but responsive overparenting was associated with more parental support. Demanding overparenting was associated with higher, whereas responsive overparenting was associated with lower, youth psychological distress. Correlations also differed for youth's decision-making and coping.

conclusionsThe findings are consistent with the idea that measures of intrusive parenting can be differentiated into a more coercive form-referred to as demanding overparenting-from a form that may be in response to tasks and decision-making-referred to as responsive overparenting.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalParent-Child RelationsParentingAdolescentAustraliaCoping SkillsDecision MakingFemaleHumansMaleSelf ReportSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultadolescent adjustmentcoping skillsdecision makinghelicopter parentingoverprotective parentingparenting behaviors

Identifiers

PMID42427103
PMCPMC13643658

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.