Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42426739›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

The promise of virtual and augmented reality for optimizing community engagement in driving health equity solutions.

Zakaria Nadeem Doueiri, Ann Banchoff, Lina María Gómez-García, Carlene Foldenauer, Paula Guevara Aladino, Astrid N Zamora, Olga L Sarmiento, Abby C King

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zakaria Nadeem DoueiriDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Community Engagement and Implementation Coordinator, Our Voice: Citizen Science for Health Equity Initiative, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. doueirizakn@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4701-2353
Ann BanchoffDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Community Engagement and Implementation Coordinator, Our Voice: Citizen Science for Health Equity Initiative, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-2200
Lina María Gómez-GarcíaSchool of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0428-7865
Carlene FoldenauerCabrillo Unified School District, Half Moon Bay, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-8566-5104
Paula Guevara AladinoSchool of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-9966
Astrid N ZamoraDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Community Engagement and Implementation Coordinator, Our Voice: Citizen Science for Health Equity Initiative, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8187-3492
Olga L SarmientoSchool of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-3568
Abby C KingDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Community Engagement and Implementation Coordinator, Our Voice: Citizen Science for Health Equity Initiative, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7949-8811

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA growing number of studies have highlighted the importance of data visualization when utilizing mixed-methods approaches within community-based participatory research (CBPR). One such CBPR-derived method - Our Voice - employs a citizen-science (CS) framework that leverages mobile technology to improve health outcomes for residents from diverse communities. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are two cutting-edge technologies that have been cited as potential tools to enhance data visualization and solution-building processes in Our Voice and similar community-facing methods. However, their utilization in such projects remains limited. In the present study, we report the first integration of VR and AR into two Our Voice projects and examine their feasibility and perceived utility within community-engaged settings.

methodsVR/AR technology was integrated into two Our Voice projects: (1) a project with adult unpaid care workers in Ciudad Bolívar, Bogotá, Colombia, and (2) a project with high school students in Half Moon Bay, CA, United States. In both settings, 360-degree simulations were integrated into a newly refined five-step Our Voice method, which included an "Imagine" step. Post-surveys assessed community members' attitudes toward VR/AR using a six-point Likert scale. Data were descriptively analyzed.

resultsResearch using the Our Voice method revealed the integration of VR/AR resulted in citizen scientists and local stakeholders reporting VR/AR enhanced their ability to visualize community-level facilitators and barriers to leading healthy lives. Additionally, participants reported an increase in confidence in the potential of VR/AR to facilitate the development of innovative community-facing solutions to various issues around their neighborhoods.

conclusionsThe findings from these pilot investigations suggest that VR/AR holds the promise in contributing to relevant advocacy changes across diverse communities, stakeholders, and problem areas. Future studies should explore developing user-friendly software that bridge data visualization and digital solution-building for broader community and organizational engagement.

Indexed as

Augmented RealityCommunity ParticipationHealth EquityVirtual RealityAdolescentAdultCitizen ScienceCommunity-Based Participatory ResearchFemaleHumansAugmented realityCitizen scienceCommunity engagementHealth equityMixed methodsOur VoiceSocial determinants of healthVirtual realityVulnerable populations

Identifiers

PMID42426739
PMCPMC13647544

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.