ReviewEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2026
Sleep quality after lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis with meta-regression.
Review in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
introductionSleep disturbances are common in patients with degenerative lumbar disease, yet the effect of surgical treatment on sleep recovery remains insufficiently quantified. This meta-analysis evaluated postoperative changes in sleep quality, pain, disability, and quality of life (QoL) following lumbar spine surgery.
methodsPubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to 1 March 2026 for studies reporting pre- and postoperative outcomes in adults undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar pathologies. A Bayesian random-effects model with vague priors for overall effects and weakly informative priors for between-study heterogeneity were applied. Sensitivity analyses with alternative priors and subgroup analyses by study design, risk of bias, mean age, procedure, and pathology were performed. Posterior probabilities (PP), 95% credible intervals (CrIs), and posterior predictive distributions were estimated.
resultsTwenty-five studies comprising 3,546 patients were included. Surgery was associated with improvement in sleep quality (SMD - 1.36; 95% CrI - 2.02 to - 0.71; PP 99%). Significant reductions were observed in back pain (MD - 3.73; 95% CrI - 4.75 to - 2.69; PP 99%), leg pain (MD - 3.44; 95% CrI - 4.47 to - 2.40; PP 99%), disability (MD - 18.95; 95% CrI - 26.41 to - 11.48; PP 99%), and improved QoL (SMD 1.09; 95% CrI 0.23 to 1.95; PP 99%). Meta-regression suggested that pathology and risk of bias contributed to heterogeneity, whereas age, procedure, and study design had limited influence.
conclusionThis Bayesian meta-analysis found that lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease is associated with improvements in sleep quality, pain, disability, and QoL, supporting the inclusion of sleep outcomes in perioperative assessment.
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