Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42425991›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant re-emerges in US farmed mink and free-ranging white-tailed deer in 2022-2023.

Alvin Crespo-Bellido, Madison C Owsiany, Natalie N Chillson, Devra Huey, Dillon S McBride, Phillippe Lemey, Steven I Rekant, John Korslund, Michael Neafsey, Mary Lea Killian and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Alvin Crespo-BellidoDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3462-9072
Madison C OwsianyDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Natalie N ChillsonDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-7737-4040
Devra HueyDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Dillon S McBrideDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Phillippe LemeyLaboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2826-5353
Steven I RekantVeterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Beltsville, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-1091
John KorslundVeterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Beltsville, MD, USA.
Michael NeafseyVeterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Beltsville, MD, USA.
Mary Lea KillianNational Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8613-2009
Jeffrey C ChandlerNational Wildlife Research Center, Wildlife Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Challis HobbsFur Commission USA, Preston, ID, USA.
Hugh H HildebrandtFur Care LLC, Medford, WI, USA.
John EasleyFur Commission USA, Preston, ID, USA.
Jacob S YountDepartment of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6128-4575
Martha I NelsonDivision of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-0179
Andrew S BowmanDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA. bowman.214@osu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0738-8453

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00014 · NIAID · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GARCIA-SASTRE, ADOLFO · 2021 to 2025
$62.6M
NIH HHS 75N93021C00014ODCDC CDC HHS 75N93021C00014United States Department of Agriculture | Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) AP22VSSP0000C061U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 75N93021C00014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

American mink (Neogale vison) are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, but little is known about virus circulation in mink since 2021. Here, in the first active surveillance study of SARS-CoV-2 in apparently healthy farmed mink in the United States, we find a ~0.9% (760/85,656) RT-PCR positivity rate among nasal swabs collected in 18 farms across six states during 2022-2023. Phylogenetic analysis of 293 viral genome sequences shows that human-adapted SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Omicron) repeatedly spill over into mink. Surprisingly, the detection of a Delta lineage virus (AY.39) on a mink farm four months after its last detection in humans within the same state suggests prolonged unsampled transmission. The spread of mink-adapted AY.39 viruses from a mink farm to neighboring free-ranging white-tailed deer represents a rare instance of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between livestock and wildlife. These findings demonstrate the value of active surveillance for identifying subclinical infections and interspecies transmission between humans, mink, and wildlife.

Indexed as

COVID-19DeerMinkSARS-CoV-2AnimalsFarmsGenome, ViralHumansPhylogenyUnited States

Identifiers

PMID42425991
PMCPMC13478474

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.