Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42425503›Full record

ArticleGeriatrics & gerontology international2026

Development and Psychometric Validation of the Japanese Version of the Everyday Ageism Scale (EAS-J) Among Older Adults.

Kenjiro Kawaguchi, Chie Koga, Ayae Yamada, Isaku Kurotori, Hiroki Takeuchi, Lingling, Atsushi Nakagomi

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kenjiro KawaguchiSchool of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1327-5022
Chie KogaCenter for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-4308
Ayae YamadaGraduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Isaku KurotoriDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Hiroki TakeuchiCenter for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-9696
LinglingCenter for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Atsushi NakagomiCenter for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Funding

Foundation for Total Health PromotionJapan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI 24K16531
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimJapan lacks a validated tool to measure everyday ageism, leaving its prevalence and health impact unclear. This study aimed to develop and validate the Japanese version of the Everyday Ageism Scale (EAS-J) in older adults.

methodsWe used a mixed-methods design comprising forward and back translation, cognitive interviews, and a nationwide cross-sectional online survey of 1500 adults ages 60-79 years. In September 2025, participants were recruited from an online panel using quota sampling to reflect national demographic distributions. We evaluated psychometric properties using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability coefficients, and validity indices. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model was used to assess associations with loneliness, stress, well-being, self-esteem, and happiness.

resultsThe EAS-J demonstrated a three-factor structure-exposure to ageist messages, ageism in interpersonal interactions, and internalized ageism. Model fit was good on three of the four indices (comparative fit index = 0.971, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.959, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.075, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.037). Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α = 0.83), test-retest reliability was moderate (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.66), and convergent and discriminant validity were supported. The scale showed significant associations with perceived stress, loneliness, well-being, and self-esteem, supporting nomological validity.

conclusionsThe EAS-J is a psychometrically supported, multidimensional instrument for measuring everyday ageism among older adults in Japan. Availability of the EAS-J will facilitate research on the prevalence and health consequences of everyday ageism and inform development of interventions to promote healthy aging.

Indexed as

AgeismAgedCross-Sectional StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansJapanLonelinessMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSelf ConceptSurveys and QuestionnairesageismJapanolder adultspsychometricsvalidation

Identifiers

PMID42425503
PMCPMC13349547

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.