ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026
Topological expansion of Boehm's brushes via structured light.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
We report an entoptic phenomenon in which the classical two-lobed Boehm's brushes are transformed into a multilobed structure by projecting spin-orbit-coupled light onto the human retina. These structured beams, composed of nonseparable superpositions of circular polarization and orbital angular momentum, produce azimuthally modulated entoptic patterns through polarization-dependent scattering in the retina. Unlike Haidinger's brushes, which arise from dichroic absorption in the macula, the observed effect is driven by angular variations in scattering strength relative to the local polarization direction. In regions where scattering centers exhibit polarization orientations that converge toward a common point, their combined contributions reinforce one another, producing brighter and more sharply defined entoptic lobes whose number and orientation vary systematically with the topology of the spin-orbit stimulus. Psychophysical measurements across retinal eccentricities from 0.5
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