ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026
Immunotherapeutic modalities for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria: therapeutic promises of antibodies and next-generation vaccines.
Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a global rise of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains because of the use, misuse, and overuse of antibiotics, which is further causing major challenges in treating infections in clinical settings. Since 2000, only a few new antibiotics have been approved, and some of them have already been undermined because of the emergence of resistant bacteria. Pathogen-specific antibodies have the potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotics. These antibodies can bind to targets that are specific to the invading pathogens. Nonetheless, current advances in antibody engineering and molecular biology have allowed the generation of homogenous, defined, fully human and/or humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with a single antigen-specificity to target pathogens. Furthermore, the generation of mAbs only needs an antigen and an immunized or immune individual or an immunization platform. The emergence of MDR bacteria has greatly decreased the effectiveness of currently available antimicrobials, which has motivated the development of next-generation vaccines that are carefully designed to fight antibiotic resistance. Unlike traditional vaccines, vaccine platforms like recombinant protein, mRNA, and DNA vaccines are more innovative and effective in combating MDR-associated infections. In this review, the roles of both mAbs and next-generation vaccines against antibiotic-resistant infections, their mechanisms, preclinical and clinical trial-associated findings, and the advantages of using next-generation vaccines over traditional vaccines have been discussed. Moreover, the use of innovative tools like immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology in developing next-generation vaccines against MDR bacteria has also been discussed in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42424000What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.