ArticleInternational journal of clinical oncology2026
Preoperative prediction of vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma based on CT findings and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin level.
Article in International journal of clinical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundVessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) has been associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the preoperative prediction of VETC remains insufficient. We established the VETC predictive score based on CT findings and clinical data in patients with HCC.
methodsA total of 209 patients were enrolled, and we investigated clinical features and computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with VETC-positive HCC. The preoperative VETC predictive score was established based on the odds ratios calculated by logistic regression analysis using identified predictive factors, and the accuracy of this score was investigated. The utility of VETC predictive score was validated in the validation cohort.
resultsVETC-positive HCC was associated with higher protein induced by des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) level (p = 0.03), larger tumor size (p < 0.01), intratumor necrosis (p < 0.01), and intratumor vessels (p < 0.01), and the VETC predictive score was established using these variables. The positive rate of VETC was significantly higher in the score-high group compared to the score-low group (60% vs. 27%, p < 0.01). Patients with high scores showed higher DCP level (p < 0.01), moderate/poor differentiation (p < 0.01), larger tumor (p < 0.01), microvascular invasion (p < 0.01), VETC-positivity (p < 0.01), lower densities of CD8
conclusionThe VETC predictive score based on CT and DCP is useful, and preoperative diagnosis of VETC may contribute to optimized treatment management for HCC.
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