ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2026
Enhancing Bullfrog Meat Texture and Health Value through Probiotic Intervention.
Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) are widely farmed due to their high nutritional value and adaptability to intensive aquaculture systems. However, maintaining optimal growth performance and intestinal health remains a challenge under high-density farming conditions. This study evaluated the effects of four probiotic strains: Clostridium butyricum (CB), Lactobacillus reuteri (LR), Lactobacillus sakei (LS), and Lactococcus lactis (LLA) on growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal microbiota of bullfrogs in a 6-week feeding trial. The results showed that LR significantly improved growth performance and reduced mortality (P < 0.05), while LS enhanced meat texture parameters. CB increased trans-linoleic acid content, suggesting a potential role in improving nutritional value. In contrast, LLA significantly inhibited growth and increased mortality (P < 0.05), despite increasing L-carnosine levels and microbial diversity. Microbiota analysis revealed that probiotic treatments altered intestinal community composition, with distinct patterns among different strains. Our results suggest that probiotic effects are strain-specific and may differentially influence growth, meat quality, and gut microbiota in bullfrogs. This study provides a comparative perspective on probiotic application in amphibian aquaculture.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42423916What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.