ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic cardia constriction ligation with a single-use endoscope versus a reusable endoscope for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07176221 (Safety and Efficacy of Endoscopic Cardial Constriction Ligation （ECCL） With a Novel Disposable Endoscope), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety and Efficacy of Endoscopic Cardial Constriction Ligation （ECCL） With a Novel Disposable Endoscope: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aims: Reusable endoscopes require reprocessing and may carry potential concerns regarding cross-contamination, whereas single-use endoscopes may reduce infection-related risks and simplify workflow. However, evidence remains limited on whether single-use endoscopes can provide comparable performance in therapeutic upper gastrointestinal procedures requiring stable visualization, reliable suction, retroflexion, and accessory compatibility. Endoscopic cardia constriction with ligation (ECCL) is a minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This multicenter randomized controlled trial aims to compare the efficacy, safety, and procedural feasibility of ECCL performed with a single-use endoscope versus a reusable endoscope in patients with refractory GERD. Methods: This is a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Ninety-eight adults aged 18-80 years with refractory GERD will be randomized 1:1 to undergo ECCL using either a single-use endoscope or a reusable endoscope. Eligible participants must have typical GERD symptoms for at least 6 months, persistent symptoms despite optimized acid-suppressive therapy, and objective evidence supporting GERD diagnosis. ECCL will be performed according to a standardized protocol. Participants will receive standardized post-procedural acid-suppressive therapy for 2 weeks and will be followed at 3 and 6 months. The primary efficacy endpoint is clinically significant symptom improvement, defined as a decrease in GERD-Q score of ≥4 points from baseline. Change in GERD-Q score will also be analyzed as a continuous supportive outcome. Secondary endpoints include procedural feasibility, safety outcomes, operational stability, device malfunction/defect rates, and acid-suppressive medication use after ECCL, including complete discontinuation of PPI/P-CAB therapy at 3 and 6 months. Discussion: This trial will provide prospective evidence on whether single-use endoscopes can support ECCL with efficacy, safety, and procedural feasibility comparable to reusable endoscopes. By integrating patient-reported outcomes, standardized procedural assessment, device-related events, and post-procedural medication use, this study may inform future clinical application of single-use endoscopes in therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT07176221.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.