ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Cardiovascular sequelae of Long COVID: immune dysregulation inflammation as central drivers.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plasma Cytokine and Caspase-1p20 Profiles in Pre-Pandemic and Long COVID-Associated Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Immune Cell-Mediated Inflammation in Heart Failure: Subset Heterogeneity and Targeted Therapy.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long coronavirus disease 2019 (Long COVID-19), also referred to as post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has emerged as a major global health challenge. Common manifestations include fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive dysfunction, and exercise intolerance. Beyond these systemic manifestations, the enduring cardiovascular manifestations are increasingly identified as core characteristics of Long COVID-19 syndromes secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection, encompassing myocarditis, ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, and thrombotic events. Accumulating evidence suggests that immune dysregulation and persistent inflammation are central drivers of cardiovascular injury in Long COVID. Persistent activation of innate and adaptive immune pathways fosters endothelial injury, thrombo-inflammation, and adverse myocardial remodeling. In this review, we focus on current clinical and experimental evidence to delineate the immune-mediated mechanisms underlying cardiovascular sequelae in Long COVID and explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting persistent inflammation and immune dysregulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.