ArticleBMC primary care2026
Living labs as catalysts for integrated primary care: insights from a comprehensive community survey and co-creative design of community-based prevention and primary care.
Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSocietal changes in terms of healthcare needs call for adaptations in the organisation of primary care. Policies and services need to be aligned to communities' needs and a shift towards inclusive integrated care is warranted. However, stakeholder consultation is often limited and does not sufficiently take health literacy into account. To design integrated primary care, we need to gain insight into the characteristics and needs of communities regarding health, health literacy, and health service requirements. Additionally, we need to go beyond assessment and involve relevant stakeholders (including residents in a situation of vulnerability) in co-designing future-oriented and innovative primary care services and prevention activities.
methodsThe current project consists of two studies. First, a large cross-sectional survey study was conducted to gain insight into health, health literacy, and preferences for primary healthcare and prevention in a Belgian community. The second study describes an extensive collaboration between a living lab and a local government to design multidisciplinary integrated care services in the community and includes co-creations and further survey data collection.
resultsA total of 1078 residents participated in the first study. Perceived health, loneliness and demographic variable were interrelated. Health literacy was associated with age, education, perceived general health, perceived mental health, and loneliness. Participants indicated a need for multidisciplinary healthcare services and endorsed involvement of community policymakers. The multi-step process of the second study, including residents, vulnerable citizens and health professionals, led to tailored insights regarding local strategic actions to promote high-quality future-proof integrated primary care.
conclusionsTargeted recruitment for a community survey and co-creation sessions allowed for the inclusion of a large and rich sample to inform on local healthcare needs and define priorities for future-oriented health care initiatives to the local government. Community participation guided the design and implementation of structurally embedded primary care services and prevention activities. Researchers and policymakers from the wider community can use study processes and results as inspiration for inclusive healthcare redesign.
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