Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42420304›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

System-level assessment of dynamic reconfiguration for lifetime and cost outcomes in electric vehicle battery packs.

Albert Škegro, Torsten Wik, Bo Bijlenga, Alexander Bessman, Changfu Zou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Albert ŠkegroDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Torsten WikDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Bo BijlengaPHINIA Inc., Åmål, Sweden.
Alexander BessmanScania CV AB, Södertälje, Sweden.
Changfu ZouDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. changfu.zou@chalmers.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-6854

Funding

European Commission (EC) 101131278Stiftelsen för Miljöstrategisk Forskning (Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research) BattVolt project 2020-2023Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) 2023-04314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The electrification of transport relies heavily on lithium-ion batteries, yet conventional fixed-configuration battery packs suffer from structural inefficiencies such as cell-to-cell variability and premature failure. Dynamic battery reconfiguration, enabled by intelligent control of switching hardware around individual cells, provides an alternative pack architecture. Here we present a systematic, battery technology-agnostic evaluation of the lifetime and economic benefits of reconfigurable battery packs using a statistically grounded framework based on detailed cell modelling across diverse design and usage conditions. We show that reconfigurable battery packs can extend battery lifetime by over 20%, particularly in high-voltage applications such as electric trucks and long-range passenger vehicles. Despite higher upfront costs, reconfigurable packs can reduce lifetime cost by deferring replacements and retaining greater residual value. A sensitivity analysis identifies robust thresholds for economic viability: battery capacities above approximately 50 kWh, annual driving distances below 12,150 km, and additional upfront costs under 7.16%. These findings position dynamic reconfiguration as a scalable, cost-optimised architecture for next-generation battery platforms, and provide a quantitative foundation for future hardware design, management software, and life-cycle sustainability assessments.

Identifiers

PMID42420304
PMCPMC13346987

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.