ArticleAmerican journal of biological anthropology2026
Evaluation of Morphological and Osteometric Sex Estimation on Historical Skeletal Material of Subadult Individuals From Germany.
Article in American journal of biological anthropology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesWhile sex estimation based on morphological features of the adult skeleton is considered reliable, it proves to be challenging, especially in skeletons of subadults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of sex estimation of the methods described below and errors within the observer and between observers. MATERIALS AND
methodsFor this purpose, samples from 20 individuals from four different skeleton series from Lower Saxony (Germany) were analyzed. DNA-analytical examinations were used for sex determination. The primary aim was to validate the morphological and osteometric method applied to the Facies auricularis as described by Luna et al. (2017, 2021), alongside the discriminant function analyses for the Os ilium and mandible outlined by Schutkowski (1990). The morphological and osteometric procedures were performed as a blind study and as an inter-observer study.
resultsContrary to the results from previous studies, none of the methodologies proved to be suitable for reliable sex estimation on the skeleton of subadults. However, the discriminant functions (DF) according to Schutkowski (1990) show a higher certainty of determination than the methodology proposed by Luna et al. (2017, 2021). DISCUSSION: Methods for sex estimation in subadult individuals hold considerable promise. However, their validity and transferability to other populations and time periods remain problematic. Demographic factors and population-specific differences result in varying levels of accuracy.
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