SynthesisOpen heart2026
Coronary artery fistulas: a systematic review and pooled analysis of anatomy, risk stratification and contemporary management.
Synthesis in Open heart, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Rare Vascular Tangle Unraveled: Multimodal Imaging in Giant Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Case Report: A rare case of multi-vessel coronary artery-coronary sinus fistula combined with multiple coronary aneurysms initially presenting with frequent premature ventricular complexes.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCoronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are rare congenital or acquired anomalies characterised by abnormal coronary communications, with variable natural history and no consensus on optimal management.
methodsA comprehensive state-of-the-art review and pooled analysis of published literature was conducted, integrating clinical, anatomical, imaging, management and outcome data from 1966 patients with 1986 CAFs. Comparative descriptive analyses between complicated and uncomplicated cases were performed to identify recurring features associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
resultsSpecific anatomical and clinical patterns were more frequently observed in patients with complications, including fistulas originating from the right coronary artery or left main coronary artery, drainage into venous or left-sided structures, large-calibre fistulas and reduced ventricular function. Based on these recurring patterns, two pragmatic phenotypes of CAFs (higher-risk and lower-risk) were identified. Given the descriptive nature of the available evidence and the absence of formal multivariable modelling, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating rather than indicative of independent predictors.
conclusionsCAFs are heterogeneous vascular anomalies with variable clinical presentation and substantial potential for complications. An integrated assessment of anatomical configuration, fistula size, drainage pattern and ventricular function may support structured clinical evaluation and individualised management. We propose a practical anatomy- and risk-informed framework to guide multidisciplinary decision-making and follow-up strategies.
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Registered trials
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