ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2026
Genetic susceptibility to respiratory health effects from outdoor air pollution: a structured narrative review.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Outdoor air pollution exposure is a well-established driver of respiratory disease, while growing evidence highlights an important role for genetic susceptibility. Building on this expanding body of work, our review synthesises findings across studies and provides an integrated overview. Here, we present a structured literature review summarising study characteristics and statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in gene-environment interaction studies of air pollution related respiratory outcomes. By consolidating this evidence, the review clarifies current findings and supports more rigorous, evidence-based risk stratification in future observational and intervention studies. We included 48 peer-reviewed studies in humans published between 2014 and 2024 that examined gene-environment interactions involving SNPs, outdoor air pollution exposure and respiratory outcomes. Studies primarily evaluating particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm and <10 μm, and nitrogen dioxide included respiratory end-points, such as asthma, COPD and lung-function measures. The majority of analyses used regression-based methods, supplemented by mixed-effects and generalised estimating equation models. Candidate gene studies (particularly in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family) along with polygenic risk scores and genome-wide interaction approaches identified 89 SNPs across 53 genes. Replicated variants involved pathways in oxidative stress detoxification (
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