Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42416643›Full record

ArticleJCPP advances2026

Cyclothymic-hypersensitive temperament in early adolescence: Longitudinal measurement invariance and associations with psychopathology over time.

Anna Pezzella, Pietro Buono, Nadia Marani, Luisa Almerico, Alessandra Carta, Maria Nobile, Carmela Bravaccio, Gennaro Catone, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Simone Pisano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JCPP advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Anna PezzellaDepartment of Psychology Campania University 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Caserta Italy.
Pietro BuonoDirectorate General of Health Naples Italy.
Nadia MaraniDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences Federico II University Naples Italy.
Luisa AlmericoDepartment of Psychology Campania University 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Caserta Italy.
Alessandra CartaDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit University Hospital of Sassari Sassari Italy.
Maria NobileChild Psychopathology Unit Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea Bosisio Parini Lecco Italy.
Carmela BravaccioDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences Federico II University Naples Italy.
Gennaro CatoneDepartment of Educational Psychological and Communication Sciences 'Suor Orsola Benincasa' University Naples Italy.
Vincenzo Paolo SeneseDepartment of Psychology Campania University 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Caserta Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-6040
Simone PisanoDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences Federico II University Naples Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5704-4483

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cyclothymic-Hypersensitive Temperament (CHT) is characterised by mood instability, interpersonal hypersensitivity, and emotional hyperreactivity, traits frequently observed in general population as well as clinical settings but often eluding strict diagnostic classifications. CHT offers valuable insights into adolescents' emotional and behavioural patterns, but further research is needed to explore its longitudinal associations with psychopathology and clarify its clinical significance. Methods: Data were collected from 780 students (50.1% male, mean age at first assessment: 11.35 ± 0.49 years). The study used a longitudinal design with two assessments 2 years apart. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, whereas CHT Questionnaire (CHTQ) assessed CHT. Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the CHTQ was tested to ensure construct consistency, and a Cross-Lagged Panel Model (CLPM) was used to examine bidirectional relationships between CHT and psychopathology over time. Results: The CHTQ demonstrated configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance throughout time, confirming its robustness and stability. The CLPM revealed a substantial stability of CHT across time ( Conclusion: The demonstrated invariance underscores the CHTQ's value as a reliable tool for future research on developmental trajectories and longitudinal patterns of CHT in early adolescence. CHT plays a key role in the onset of early psychopathological symptoms, positioning it within a psychopathological framework.

Indexed as

cyclothymic‐hypersensitive temperamentearly adolescent psychopathologylongitudinal associationslongitudinal measurement invariance

Identifiers

PMID42416643
PMCPMC13339416

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.